Freedom of information request
13728/10
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6 January 2010 |
Request submitted |
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A. Home Office press release, Contracts bring ID cards and
more secure passports closer, http://nds.coi.gov.uk/content/detail.aspx?NewsAreaId=2&ReleaseID=398018&SubjectId=16&AdvancedSearch=true
:
"IBM was awarded a £265 million contract to continue existing
UKBA fingerprinting capabilities and to build and run the database
that will store the facial images and fingerprints that are needed
to keep the passport in line with international standard, as well
as to support the delivery of the ID card."
B. Sagem Sécurité press release, Sagem Sécurité
chosen by IBM to support United Kingdom's National Identity Assurance
Service (NIAS), http://www.safran-group.com/site-safran-en/press-media/press-releases/2009-447/article/sagem-securite-chosen-by-ibm-to
:
"Sagem Sécurité (Safran group) has signed a contract
with IBM to supply and maintain a biometric management solution for
British travel and identity documents, on behalf of the British Home
Office's Identity and Passport Service (IPS). The project is a core
element of the Government's plans to upgrade to biometric passports
and enhance the security of the UK border.
"Sagem Sécurité will provide multibiometric facial
and fingerprint recognition technology that was assessed for speed,
accuracy and cost in competitive trials developed and run by IBM,
using in excess of 10 million images
"
C. There is considerable doubt about the reliability of biometrics
based on face recognition and flat print fingerprinting, please see
for example http://dematerialisedid.com/Register/regBiometrics.pdf
and http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/libertycentral/2009/nov/01/biometrics-home-office.
In view of A, B and C above, with £265
million of our money at stake, it is important that Sagem's biometric
technology works. Please provide a copy of the detailed report of
the competitive trials developed and run by IBM so that the public
can assess for themselves the reliability of the technology. |
13 January 2010 |
IPS acknowledgement, request number 13728/10 allocated |
21 January 2010 |
NB The Guardian article referred
to above, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/libertycentral/2009/nov/01/biometrics-home-office,
written by me, turned out to be wrong and a heartfelt
apology was issued to Mr James A Loudermilk II of the FBI. This
is extremely embarrassing. It remains the case nevertheless that "there
is considerable doubt about the reliability of biometrics based on
face recognition and flat print fingerprinting". |
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Thank you for your e-mail of 6 January in which you ask for biometric
technology trial reports developed and run by IBM. Your request is
being handled as a request for information under the Freedom of Information
Act 2000.
We will aim to send you a full response within twenty working days
of our receiving your request, by 3 February 2010. |
12 February 2010 |
IPS response #1 dated 4 February 2010 |
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I am sorry that we are still unable to reply substantively to your
email of 6 January in which you asked to be provided with a copy of
the detailed report of the competitive trials developed and run by
IBM. Your request has been handled as a request for information under
the Freedom of Information Act 2000.
I confirm that we are still considering your request. Although the
Act carries a presumption in favour of disclosure, it provides exemptions
which may be used to withhold information in specified circumstances.
Some of these exemptions, referred to as 'qualified exemptions', are
subject to a public interest test. This test is used to balance the
public interest in disclosure against the public interest in favour
of withholding the information. The Act allows us to exceed the 20
working day response target where we need to consider the public interest
test fully.
The information which you have requested is being considered under
the exemptions in sections 31(1)(a) and 43(2) of the Act, which relate
to law enforcement and commercial interests respectively These are
qualified exemption and to consider the public interest test fully
we need to extend the 20 working day response period. We now aim to
let you have a full response by 3 March. |
4 March 2010 |
IPS response #2 dated 3 March 2010 |
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I am sorry that we are still unable to reply substantively to your
email of 6 January in which you asked to be provided with a copy of
the detailed report of the competitive trials developed and run by
IBM.
I confirm that, since our last letter of 4 February, our considerations
into your request are still ongoing. As stated in our earlier letter,
although the Act carries a presumption in favour of disclosure, it
provides exemptions which may be used to withhold information in specified
circumstances. Some of these exemptions, referred to as 'qualified
exemptions', are subject to a public interest test. This test is used
to balance the public interest in disclosure against the public interest
in favour of withholding the information. The Act allows us to exceed
the 20 working day response target where we need to consider the public
interest test fully.
The information which you have requested is being considered under
the exemptions contained within sections 31(1)(e) 41(1) and 43(2)
of the Act, which relate to law enforcement (the operation of immigration
controls), information provided in confidence and commercial interests
respectively. These are qualified exemption and to consider the public
interest test fully we need to extend the 20 working day response
period by another twenty days. We now aim to let you have a full response
by 31 March 2010. |
4 March 2010 |
Email sent to IPS |
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Thank you for your letter dated 3 March 2010, received by email
today.
This matter is dragging on.
I take the point that the public interest may sometimes be better
served by withholding information than by disclosing it. The balance
in this case must surely be in favour of disclosure.
The public are paying several hundred milion pounds to IBM to do a
job on our behalf. The public surely has the right to know that that
money is being well spent.
There is considerable interest in knowing that immigration controls,
which you mention, are being operated effectively. That points to
disclosure. The public is paying for law enforcement. IBM (and Sagem
Sécurité) are the public's agents in this case. You
don't expect your agent to plead confidentiality and refuse to tell
you how and why they are spending your money, do you? The public has
a commercial interest. It's our money. Our commercial interest deserves
respect at least as much as IBM's and Sagem Sécurité's.
If Sagem Sécurité's products work, there can be no conceivable
reason why they would want to keep that a secret, it doesn't make
commercial sense for them.
If IBM conduct of their trials is academically convincing, why would
they not want to publicise that fact?
The Home Office have a public relations project here, they need to
"sell" confidence to the public. They're not going to achieve
that by being coy.
While the public knows nothing about these biometrics trials of IBM's,
do you realise that they were discussed at a conference this week
hosted by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology? Scores
of people at that conference will know something about these trials
while, bizarrely, the people who paid for them, and whose security
is supposed to depend on the results, to some extent, will know nothing
about them.
There is a large corpus of academic data available suggesting that
the reliability of biometrics based on facial geometry and flat print
fingerprinting is surprisingly low. That arouses legitimate doubts
whether this represents a sound investment of our money. Those doubts
need to be allayed. The Home Office may believe that they are acting
with a responsible purity of purpose by withholding information. But
actually there is a danger that this failure to disclose is indistinguishable
to us outsiders - the public, the people paying for IBM and Sagem
Sécurité, the people paying for officials to attend
agreeable conferences abroad - from a furtive and constipated campaign
to hide a guilty secret.
The public needs a reason to believe that these biometrics will assist
law enforcement. It can't be taken on trust, it's not a matter of
faith, we need a reason. Every 16 year-old who has passed GCSE Science
knows that. The Home Office should, too.
I hope that you will include these matters in your considerations. |
17 March 2010 |
IPS response #3 |
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Thank you for your e-mails of 6 January and 4 March, in which you
asked for a copy of the detailed trial report of the competitive trials
developed and run by IBM. Your request has been handled as a request
for information under the Freedom of Information Act 2000. Further
to our letter of 3 March, we are now in a position to provide you
with a substantive response. I apologise for the delay in doing so.
I can confirm that the Identity and Passport Service holds the information
that you requested. However, after careful consideration we have decided
that the information is exempt from disclosure under sections 43(2),
41(1) and section 31(1)e of the Freedom of Information Act. These
sections provide that information can be withheld where disclosure
would or would likely to prejudice:-
the commercial interests of any person- Section
43(2);
constitute a breach of confidence actionable by that or any
other person- Section 41(1);
the operation of immigration controls- Section 31(1)(e);
the prevention and detection of crime- Section 31(1)(a).
Arguments for and against disclosure in terms of the public interest,
with the reasons for our conclusion, are set out in the attached
Annex.
These exemptions apply to the vast majority of the report you have
requested, to the extent that the redacted version would hold no
useful information.
If you are dissatisfied with this response you may request an independent
internal review of our handling of your request by submitting a
complaint within two months to the address below, quoting reference
FOICR 13728/10:-
Information Access Team
Home Office
Ground Floor, Seacole Building
2 Marsham Street
London SW1P 4DF
e-mail: info.access@homeoffice.si.gov.uk
As part of any internal review the Department's handling of your
information request will be reassessed by staff who were not involved
in providing you with this response. Should you remain dissatisfied
after this internal review, you would have a right of complaint
to the Information Commissioner as established by section 50 of
the Freedom of Information Act.
Yours sincerely
Hazel Reid
Parliamentary and Correspondence Management Team
Annex
Public Interest Test
Sections 31(1)(e) and 31(1)(a)
There is a general public interest in increasing the public awareness
of the steps taken to ensure that requirements in relation to the
security and operation as underpinning the contracts for services
to be delivered by the National Identity Service are robust. In
particular matters in relation to the protection of information
and systems, there is a public interest in ensuring that resources
have been correctly deployed and requirements properly articulated,
taking into account the nature of the services that will be delivered
by the National Identity Service, and its role in preventing offences.
Disclosure could assist in the public understanding into the resources
available to counter potential threats to UK citizens, helping to
ensure informed public debate. Disclosure of this type of information
also demonstrates openness, transparency and accountability in how
resources are used in preventing and detecting offences.
Some of the information in the performance trials relates in detail
to the security and operational requirements, including details
of the biometric false rejection and false acceptance trade-off.
We consider that release of this information would lead individuals
or groups to presume that the tests accurately reflect the totality
of current immigration controls and processes that underpin the
National Identity Services. Disclosure
could lead to offences such as terrorism, illegal immigration, fraud
and computer misuse being perpetrated. In addition disclosure could
affect the integrity of the National Identity Service's role in
providing a reliable way of proving and verifying the identity of
individuals, and therefore the ability to prevent identity related
crime, would be undermined.
Sections 43(2) and 41(1)
There is a general public interest in being open about the performance
results of government systems. This can serve to demonstrate that
departments have exercised due diligence when assessing commercial
suppliers' products as part of the ICT procurement process and that
public money is not wasted.
Some of the information in the contracts relates to information
about the successful and unsuccessful bidding suppliers' system
performance, environment design, testing strategies and their operating
models. We consider that its release would prejudice the ability
of the parties in relation to future commercial contract negotiations,
which would not be in the public interest. The information would
provide the suppliers' competitors with information that could be
used to put the suppliers at a disadvantage in future ICT procurements,
i.e by replicating proprietary configurations and designs. In addition,
although the test configurations used by both successful and unsuccessful
suppliers were specific to IPS requirements, potential customers
would be aware in advance of the performance results which would
put the suppliers at a disadvantage when negotiating future contracts.
It would not be in the public interest for major suppliers to government
to be put at such a disadvantage, or for the suppliers' relationship
with IPS to be subject to detriment. In addition disclosure could
deter other suppliers from contracting with government departments,
which would reduce the scope for government departments to obtain
value for money and the right expertise in future procurements.
Similarly, should its negotiated positions be disclosed, IPS would
be put at a disadvantage in relation to future procurements to support
the National Identity Service or other ICT procurements. It would
not be in the public interest for a government department to be
placed at such a disadvantage when negotiating contracts.
After careful consideration we have concluded that the balance of
the public interest lies in withholding the information.
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21 March 2010 |
Email to IPS |
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Dear Ms Reid
Thank you for your letter dated 17 March 2010, ref. FOICR 13728/10.
Please note that I shall be submitting a complaint to the Home Office
Information Access Team and other parties.
Yours sincerely
David Moss |
3 April 2010 |
Appeal
lodged |
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